over the period 1958-1970. death rate was supported by the finding that food looses more Ca and Mg when it is cooked in soft water as compared to cooking in hard water. Name must be less than 100 characters You really can taste the local water in it. In 1975 central water softening was discouraged by the Public Health Council because of the statistical negative association found in 23 communities between the hardness of drinking water and death rate from Ischemic Heart Disease (I.H.D.) Furthermore a significant negative correlation was found between hardness and pH for these types of water. Lessons learned abroad have also been successfully applied in the Netherlands. 1991 Dec;230(6):487-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.1991.tb00479.x.Leurs LJ, Schouten LJ, Mons MN, Goldbohm RA, van den Brandt PA.Environ Health Perspect.
The According to the Netherlands Water Information Network, the Netherlands has “developed a coherent knowledge infrastructure in the water sector, comprising government and private research centres, technological and educational institutes (such as Alterra, UNESCO-IHE, ITC, Deltares) and several universities”. The drinking water network is in such good shape that treated water typically does not need to be 60% of Dutch drinking water comes from groundwater, mainly in the eastern part of the Netherlands.
Recent studies showed that the release of metals (Pb and Cu) from household water distribution pipes was positively correlated with water calcium. The Netherlands attributes this to proper maintenance measures and sensor technology.
doi: 10.1016/s0048-9697(81)80048-4. The Dutch parliament passed a law in 2004 banning private sector provision of water supply. Zielhuis RL, Haring BJ. 35 WATER HARDNESS AND MORTALITY IN THE NETHERLANDS R.L. Dutch water boards are regional government bodies charged with managing water barriers, waterways, water levels, water quality and sewage treatment in their respective regions. 2002 Jul;60(1):23-7. doi: 10.1016/s0090-4295(02)01631-x.Catling LA, Abubakar I, Lake IR, Swift L, Hunter PR.J Water Health. In 1975 central water softening was discouraged by the Public Health Council because of the statistical negative association found in 23 communities between the hardness of drinking water and death rate from Ischemic Heart Disease (I.H.D.) Around 26 percent of the area of the Netherlands is at or below sea level … Further studies were carried out during the last decade by … However, investigation of a group of 17 municipalities of which mortality and water quality data are known for three periods, 1958-1962, 1965-1970 and 1971-1977, showed that the inverse statistical relation between I.H.D. This site needs JavaScript to work properly.
J Intern Med. Within the government two Ministries share responsibility for the sector. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 2008 Dec;6(4):433-42. doi: 10.2166/wh.2008.054. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! At the regional level there are 10 water companies in charge of drinking water supply and 27 The legal framework of the Dutch water sector consists of the Water Supply Act of 2005 and a corresponding Decree on Water Supply, as well as the Water Boards Act of 1995. In contrast with earlier statistical investigations no significant relations were found over the period 1970-1977 between I.H.D. At the national level two Ministries share responsibility for the sector, and there is no autonomous regulatory agency as it is the case in England, states of the US or Portugal. The disappearance of the statistical relation could not be attributed to changes in water hardness. They participate in UN organizations, sessions of the Global Biodiversity Forum (with inputs from the World Conservation Union, IUCN), the Ramsar Bureau and Convention, and the World Water Forum. The remaining 40% comes from surface water, mainly in the West where water utilities pump from the Responsibilities in the Dutch drinking water and sanitation sector are spread over a number of institutions at different levels of regional aggregation and with specific functions. mortality and water hardness still existed but with decreasing significance of correlation coefficients. For example, according to the association of Dutch water utilities, leakage losses are below 6%.According to VEWIN, the association of water companies, the average water tariff for all cities in the Netherlands in 2008 was slightly lower at €1.49/m³ but without sanitation.